NCERT Class 12 – Contemporary World Politics (Part – A)
Chapter 1: The End of Bipolarity
- What was the primary ideology that the Soviet Union was based upon after the 1917 revolution?
A. Capitalism
B. Liberalism
C. Socialism
D. Feudalism
Correct Answer: Socialism
Explanation: The USSR was founded on the principles of socialism after the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. - What event marked the symbolic end of the Cold War?
A. Cuban Missile Crisis
B. Fall of the Berlin Wall
C. Formation of NATO
D. Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
Correct Answer: Fall of the Berlin Wall
Explanation: The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 symbolized the collapse of communist regimes in Eastern Europe and the end of the Cold War. - Which Soviet leader introduced the policies of Glasnost and Perestroika?
A. Leonid Brezhnev
B. Joseph Stalin
C. Mikhail Gorbachev
D. Nikita Khrushchev
Correct Answer: Mikhail Gorbachev
Explanation: Gorbachev introduced Glasnost (openness) and Perestroika (restructuring) in the mid-1980s to reform the Soviet system. - What was the Warsaw Pact?
A. A peace treaty
B. A trade agreement
C. A military alliance of communist states
D. A cultural exchange program
Correct Answer: A military alliance of communist states
Explanation: The Warsaw Pact was a military alliance formed in 1955 among the Soviet Union and its Eastern European allies. - Which of the following countries was not part of the original USSR?
A. Ukraine
B. Latvia
C. Poland
D. Georgia
Correct Answer: Poland
Explanation: Poland was a satellite state of the USSR but not one of the 15 republics that made up theSoviet Union. - When did the Soviet Union officially disintegrate?
A. 1989
B. 1990
C. 1991
D. 1992
Correct Answer: 1991
Explanation: The USSR officially disintegrated on December 25, 1991. - Which of the following was a consequence of the disintegration of the USSR?
A. Formation of NATO
B. Emergence of bipolar world
C. Creation of 15 independent republics
D. Start of World War III
Correct Answer: Creation of 15 independent republics
Explanation: The USSR’s collapse led to the emergence of 15 independent republics, including Russia,
Ukraine, and others. - What was the main reason behind the economic stagnation of the USSR in the 1980s?
A. Lack of natural resources
B. Over-dependence on agriculture
C. Centralized planning inefficiencies
D. Excessive foreign investment
Correct Answer: Centralized planning inefficiencies
Explanation: The Soviet economy suffered due to rigid centralized planning and lack of innovation. - Which of the following republics was the first to declare independence from the USSR?
A. Russia
B. Ukraine
C. Lithuania
D. Belarus
Correct Answer: Lithuania
Explanation: Lithuania was the first Soviet republic to declare independence in March 1990. - What was the immediate effect of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?
A. Improved Soviet economy
B. Strengthened Soviet alliances
C. Increased military expenditure and global criticism
D. Peace in the region
Correct Answer: Increased military expenditure and global criticism
Explanation: The invasion led to international condemnation and drained Soviet resources, contributing to its decline.
- When did Cuban Missile Crisis occur?
(1) 1967
(2) 1962
(3) 1960
(4) 1970
Correct Answer: 1962 - Which among the following statements wrongly describes the nature of the Soviet economy?
(1) Socialism was the dominant ideology.
(2) State ownership/control existed over the factors of production.
(3) People enjoyed economic freedom.
(4) Every aspect of the economy was planned and controlled by the state.
Correct Answer: (3) People enjoyed economic freedom. - Select the correct option for the Western Alliance and the organization it was formalized into:
(1) The Eastern Alliance was formalized into UNO.
(2) The Western Alliance was formalized into NATO.
(3) The Central Alliance was formalized into SEATO.
(4) The Neutral Alliance was formalized into Peace keeping forces.
Correct Answer: (2) The Western Alliance was formalized into NATO.
- The real GDP of Russia in 1999 was below what it was in:
(1) 1959
(2) 1969
(3) 1979
(4) 1989
Correct Answer: 1989 - Which one of the following statements about the Berlin wall is false?
(1) It symbolised the division between the capitalist and the communist world.
(2) It was built during the cold War.
(3) It was broken by the people on 9 November, 1989.
(4) It marked the unification of the two parts of Germany
Ans:(4) It marked the unification of the two parts of Germany
- Which one of the following was NOT an outcome of ‘Shock Therapy’?
(1) The old system of social welfare got destroyed.
(2) Industries were put up for sale to the private sector.
(3) The value of the Russian currency, the ‘Rubble’ rose dramatically.
(4) Russia started to import food grains
Ans: (3) The value of the Russian currency, the ‘Rubble’ rose dramatically.
- The Socialist Movement was inspired by the ideas of:
(1) Democracy
(2) Communalism
(3) Socialism
(4) Dictatorship
Ans: (3) Socialism
- What is the full form of SEATO ?
(1) South East Asian Team Organization
(2) South East Asian Tally organization
(3) South East Asian Treaty organization
(4) South East Asian Task organization
Ans: (3) South East Asian Treaty organization - On which date wall of berlin was demolished?
(1) 9th Oct 1989
(2) 9th Nov 1989
(3) 28th Nov 1989
(4) 28th Oct 1989
Ans: (2) 9th Nov 1989 - Whose regime is considered as Reign of terror?
(1) M. Gorbachev
(2) J. Stalin
(3) L. Brezhnev
(4) N. Khuruschev
Ans: (2) J. Stalin - Who tried to normalise the relations with west?
(1) M. Gorbachev
(2) J. Stalin
(3) L. Brezhnev
(4) N. Khuruschev
Ans: (3) L. Brezhnev - Who was established as the first president of Russia?
(1) M. Gorbachev
(2) V. Lenin
(3) V. Putin
(4) B. Yeltsin
Ans: (4) B. Yeltsin - In which year Soviet Union was disbanned?
(1) 1989
(2) 1990
(3) 1991
(4) 1992
Ans: 1991 - Which of the following countries declared that Soviet Union was disbanned?
(1) Estonia, Ukraine, Belarus
(2) Belarus, Russia, Latvia
(3) Russia, Estonia, Latvia
(4) Russia, Ukraine, Belarus - Which of the following triplets correctly denotes Baltic Republics?
(1) Georgia, Estonia, Latvia
(2) Lithuania, Latvia, Georgia
(3) Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
(4) Belarus, Austria, Hungry
Ans: (3) Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania - Who became the successor of USSR?
(1) Russia
(2) Ukraine
(3) Belarus
(4) Poland
Ans: Poland